have to, need to , must,必需,一定要英文怎么说?

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“I need to go to the toilet.”
“I have to go to the toilet.”
相信这两句你都看得懂!但你分得清楚差别在哪吗?
越基础的文法越不该马虎!那就别再混用 have to 及 need to 啦!
笔记准备好了吗?看看它们的正确用法是什麽!

Have to

Have to 用来表达必要,意思是“必须”,你会因为没有选择而必须去做某件事情,或是表示较客观性的义务(与 must 相比)。

举例来说:

  1. Have to带有紧急性,毫无选择
    → I have to go to the toilet. 我必须去趟厕所。(再不去就会尿出来了)

  2. Have to带着客观的事实,但说话者不一定认同此种行为
    → You have to make slurping sounds when eating noodle dishes in Japan!
    在日本吃面时,你必须要发出啜食的声音!
    (说话者提出客观的要求,但不一定认同这种行为)

否定用法补充:
“Don’t have to” 背后含意为“做了也不会怎麽样”
e.g., You don’t really have to walk me home.
你可以不用陪我走回家的。(但真的陪了也没关系)

Must

Must 与 have to 意思较相近,一样用来强调义务、必要性,而与 have to 差别最大的是说话者的立场,must 比较主观,或许说话者所陈述的是事实,但同时说话者也认同这样的行为!

举例来说:

  1. 主观、义务必要性
    → You must make slurping sounds when eating noodle dishes in Japan!
    在日本吃面时,你一定要发出啜食的声音!(说话者也认为如此)

  2. Must 能用来推断某件事
    → Your dog has been gone for a whole week. You must miss it.
    你的狗狗已经失踪一个礼拜了,你一定很想念他。(近乎肯定)

  3. Must 也可用来推测,但不太确定
    → Katie hasn’t showed up yet. She must be on her way now.
    Katie 还没出现,她现在一定(应该)在路上了。

否定补充用法:
“Must not” 表示禁止
e.g., You must not oversleep!
你绝对不能睡过头!(不然会有不好的事情发生)

Need to

最后就是 need to 啦!Need to 必要的原因是为了个人的好处,或是因为其他个人因素而必须、需要去做某件事。

举例来说:

  1. 为了达到某个目的,而需要去做某件事
    → In order to go to Croatia, she needs to get a visa.
    为了去克罗埃西亚,她需要办张签证。(为达到某个目的)

  2. 有需要,但与 have to 相比较不紧急
    → I need to go to the toilet.
    我需要去趟厕所。(但不一定要现在,我可以再忍忍)

看完了三个用法,让小编借老师的一句话来考考大家,
“I’m your teacher. You have to do your homework. You are my student. You need to do it for the benefit.”

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